PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.